中文摘要
近年来,我国道路交通安全形式越来越严峻, 在众多的交通事故中,以追尾碰撞与超车侧向碰撞事故这两种类型最为常见。如果能够在事故发生前提醒驾驶员并采取一定的安全措施,对减少交通事故的发生则是非常有用的,汽车防撞预警系统正是基于提高车辆的主动安全性来实现在行车过程中,给驾驶员提供必要的技术设施。
本文在安全跟车模型的基础上,设计了系统构成,并给出了初步的设计方案。对车载测距技术进行了综合比较,确定系统采用毫米波多普勒雷达传感器、超声波传感器和红外线传感器分别对前、后和侧向车间距离、两车相对速度和角度进行测量;在结合各种防碰原理的基础上,把系统分为主控单元子系统、测距子系统、信息采集单元子系统和显示—声光报警子系统四个部分,并确定了实现系统功能所需要的关键技术;在安全距离的基础上,对主控单元子系统和测距子系统进行了软、硬件设计,解决了系统功能所需要的关键技术。
车辆防撞技术作为智能运输系统的一个子课题,将不断成熟和完善,防撞系统的应用可以缩短车辆间的安全行车距离,还可以实现安全超车,保证高速运行车辆的安全性,提高公路运输效率,促进经济的快速发展。
关键词:防撞预警;雷达;超声波;红外线;传感器
英文摘要
The traffic safety condition is becoming more and more serious in recent years, the statistic shows that among the accident of highway the Rear-end Collision and Side Collision are frequent. If the drivers can be informed before the accidents take place, the safety level will be improved greatly. The highway vehicle anti-collision warning system is such a technique based on the initiative security of automobile when driving
Based on the mathematic model of automobile safe following distance, the hardware and software of the system are built. Through an integrated comparison of detecting techniques, the millimeter wave frequency modulated pulse-Doppler radar、Ultrasonic sensor and infrared sensor are chosen, which can measure the lengthways distance and transverse distance, relative velocity of two vehicles and azimuth at the same time. Based on reference various theories of anti-collision warning system, the system includes four sub-systems: the main control unit of sub